Concept of HRM

Human Resource Management (HRM) is a special discipline of management concerned with people. It is concerned with regarding people in the organization as valuable assets and making the best use of them to achieve organizational goals. In simple words, HRM is the process of utilizing human resources efficiently and effectively to achieve the set goals of the organization. HRM is related to hiring people, ensuring the right people at the right job, benefits to employees, growth anddevelopment, harmonious employee relations etc. in an organization.

Key Definitions

Defined By	Definition
Decenzo and Robbins	“Human resource management is concerned with the “people” dimension in management”
Mathis and Jackson	“Human resource management is the strategic and operational management of activities focusing on the human resources in an organization”
Pieper	“HRM can be defined as consisting of the following elements, traditional personnel administration (staffing, rewarding, work design), personnel development, a specific management philosophy that values labor as the major asset of an organization and that regards human beings as being able and willing to grow and develop andthe integration of the personnel function into strategic management”
Dunn and Stephens	“The HRM is the process of attracting, holding and motivating all manager line and staff”

The National Institute of Personnel Management (NIPM) defines HRM as. “that part of management which is concerned with people at work and with their relationships within an enterprise.It aims to bring together and develop into an effective organization of men and women who make up an enterprise and having regard for the well-being of the individuals and their working groups, to enable them to make their best contribution to its success”. In short, human resources  management is managing people and their relationships in an organization with their good well-being and utilizing them to achieve the set goals of the organization.

Nature of Human Resource Manageemnt

Human resource management  is the art and process of managing people for the success of an organization. Making note of this, the nature of human resource management can be outlined in  following terms:

1. It is an inherent part of management as management without people cannot be imagined
2. It is a pervasive function as it exists in all levels of management
3. It is concerned with people, their behavior andwell-being
4. HRM is a continuous process as any organization has to deal with people all the time at all level
5. It ensures the right people at the right job atthe right time
6. It is an action-oriented process as the records during the HRM process are used for activities like employee welfare, promotion, transfer etc.
7. It is directed towards the achievement of organizational goals
8. It focuses on organizational efficiency and effectiveness

Scope of Huamn Resource Management

The concept of human resources is not just concerned with people and their behavior. It has got broader and bigger. It has a very large scope. In this regard, its scope can be divided and understood in the following ways:

Personnel Management	Employee Welfare	Industrial Relations
Manpower Planning Hiring/RecruitmentSelection Employee training and development Employee orientation & induction Promotion & Transfer Compensation Layoff/RetrenchmentEmployee Productivity	Safety Services Health Services Welfare Fund Medical Services Fringe Benefits Transport Facilities Education FacilitiesChild Care Facilities	Employee GrievancesDispute Settlement Peace and HarmonyLabor Unions Labour Laws

Objectives of Human Resource Manageemnt

After understanding human resource management, its nature andscope, we can say that its main objective is to manage people. In other words, the primary objective of HRM is to ensure the right people for the right job to ensure organizational goals are achieved effectively and efficiently. But the objective of human resource management is not restricted to this only. Hence, the objectives of HRM can be presented as below:

1. To Procure People: Human resource management aims at keeping the right people for the right job at right time. An organizational goal cannot be achieved if no right people are hired for the right job at right time. This objective of HRM is fulfilled through the preparation and implementation of human resource planning.
2. To Maintain and Provide HR Record: Human resource management keeps the record of number, department, tasks, duties, promotion andtransfer records of employees. It keeps such records safely either manually or digitally. Such record is provided for human resource planning, strategic planning andoperational planning of the organization.
3. To Provide Right Benefits: People in the organization have different personal needs. Such needs can be satisfied through monetary and non-monetary benefits that an individual receives from the job. Hence, HRM aims at identifying such individual needs at satisfying through monetary and non-monetary benefit packages offered by the organization.
4. To Increase Employee Productivity: Every organization wantsthe productive engagement of employees in their work. For making them productive, just assigning the job responsibility is not sufficient. Hence, increasing the productivity of employees is another objective of human resource management. This can be done through training related to organizational culture, time management, stress management, technology etc.
5. To Ensure Human Resource Development: Another objective of human resource management is to ensure human resource development. This is done by providing opportunities for learning and advancement to employees. For opportunities, challenges and projects are given to employees. This maintains job excitement along with learning. This aids in the career development of employees.
6. To Ensure Organizational Commitment: Another objective of human resource management is to motivate human resourcesfrom time to time to ensure their organizational commitment. Humans are not like machines. Hence, they require motivation in different forms such as responsibility, challenge, authority, award, financial incentives, recognition etc. With such motivation, their commitment level for the organization rises. This ensures a longer stay of employees with an increased level of commitment.
7. To Provided Fair Compensation: Human resource management aims to provide fair compensation to employees. The compensation benefits are determined by justifying the qualities and qualifications of the employees. In case of compensation not being fair, timely review by pay increment, pay to restructure, the addition of allowances etc.
8. To Maintain Harmonious Relationships: Different kinds of relationships exist in an organization such inter departmental, inter group, superior-subordinate,senior-junior, executive level-management level etc. Human resource management has the objective of maintaining harmony in such relationships. This is done by effective communication, coordination, grievance handling, dispute settlement andproper supervision.